Double Net: a two-layer black mesh diffusion fabric that reduces light intensity by approximately two stops.
Technical Details
Double Nets use bobbinet fabric with a mesh size of 1/8" per layer, with the second layer mounted rotated by 45°. This construction produces a transmission of approximately 30% of the original light. Available frame sizes range from 6"x6" for accent lighting to 20"x20" for area lighting. Modern variants utilize fire-retardant materials according to DIN 4102-B1 and weigh approximately 280 grams in a 12"x12" size. Attachment is via standard grip heads or C-stand arms.
History & Development
Double Nets originated in Hollywood in the 1940s as an evolution of Single Nets, after cinematographers like Gregg Toland required stronger light diffusion without scattering loss. Mole-Richardson introduced the first commercial series in 1952. In the 1960s, the 45° rotation of the second layer became standard to avoid moiré effects. Modern versions since the 1990s use synthetic fibers instead of silk and offer longer durability with continuous use.
Practical Use in Film
Double Nets are used when Single Nets are too weak, but scrims would interfere too much. Roger Deakins used them in "Blade Runner 2049" for subtle facial modeling in close-ups. Typical workflow: positioning 2-3 feet in front of the subject to avoid hard shadow edges. Advantage: preservation of light direction and quality with precise intensity control. Disadvantage: limited diffusion with very bright artificial light and potential moiré formation with fine textiles without correct rotation.
Comparison & Alternatives
Single Nets offer weaker diffusion with 0.6 stops, while silk materials also scatter light. Metal scrims diffuse more strongly (1.5-2 stops) but alter the light's characteristics. LED panels with continuous dimming are increasingly replacing mechanical solutions but offer less precise local control. ND filters on the lens diffuse globally, Double Nets selectively. For extreme diffusion, Double Nets are combined with Single Nets for a total reduction of 1.9 stops.